Uromexil Forte Official site
Share this

Prostate -adenom

The prostate -adenoma, also called benign hyperplasia of the prostate gland (DGPZ), is an extremely common illness in men over 40 years.In this disease, benign growth of the glandular tissue of the prostate occurs, which can lead to compression of the urethra, impaired urine flows from the bladder and, as a result, unpleasant sensations during urination.Prostate -adenoma can also cause serious problems with the bladder and kidneys.

Healthy prostate and adenoma

In this article, the causes and symptoms of the prostate adenoma as well as modern methods for diagnosing and treating this disease are discussed.There are many effective methods for the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia, including drug therapy and open surgical interventions, but also minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment.If the first symptoms of the disease occur, you must consult a doctor who takes into account your symptoms, the size of hyperplasia and the general condition of your health and offers you the best treatment option.

Reasons

So far it is not entirely clear what reasons lead to an increase in the prostate.However, this can be due to a change in the balance of sex hormones in the male body.Throughout their lives, men produce testosterone, male hormone and a small amount of estrogen, female sex hormone.When the body ages, the amount of active testosterone decreases in the blood, while the amount of estrogen remains approximately at the same level.Studies have shown that the higher estrogen fraction that penetrates into the prostate gland can increase the activity of substances that accelerate the growth of prostate depot.

Prostate -adenom in a man

Another theory shows the role of another male sex hormone - digidrotestosterone - which is important for the development and growth of a prostate at a younger age.Some studies have shown that even if the testosterone begins to fall in the blood, the prostate gland still gives a high degree of digidrotestosterone, which can make the prostate cells continue to grow.

The prostate is located directly under the bladder.The urethra (or urethra), which removes the urine from the bladder, runs through the middle of the prostate.Due to such anatomical structure, an increased prostate can block the urine flow.

Risk factors for increasing the prostate:

  1. Age.In men under the age of 40, the symptoms of an increase in the prostate gland are rarely observed.About 30% of men experience moderate symptoms for up to 60 years and about 50% - up to 80 years.
  2. The presence of a DGPZ in relatives.For example, if their blood relatives have a father or brother, have problems with the prostate gland, this means that they can also have increased the risk of prostate hyperplasia.
  3. Other diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and erectile dysfunction.Studies show that diabetes, erectile dysfunction as well as heart disease and blood vessels can increase the risk of DGPZ in some cases.
  4. Life.Obesity increases the risk of DGPZ and physical exercises can reduce this risk.

Nevertheless, the presence of one of the factors mentioned above is not the basis to believe that they will definitely develop a prostate.

Symptoms

The severity of the symptoms in different people with prostate adenoma is different.

The general signs and symptoms of DGPZH include:

  • Frequent or urgent urination.
  • Increasing ancient at night (NOKTURIA).
  • The inability to be completely empty.Bubble.
  • The presence of the residual volume of urine in the bladder.
  • Weak urine current or periodic stops while urinating.
  • The complexity of the beginning of urination.
  • Urine growth at the end of urination.
  • Common urinary tract infections.
  • The complete impossibility of urination (anuria).
  • The presence of blood in urine (hematuria).

It is known that the size of the prostate does not necessarily determine the seriousness of its symptoms.Some men with slightly enlarged prostate can have serious symptoms, while other men can be insignificant even with extremely enlarged prostate glands.Almost all patients are characterized by the gradual deterioration of the symptoms over time.It is extremely rare that the symptoms can be stabilized or even improved over time.

Diagnosis

In the event of suspicion of DGPZ, your doctor asks detailed questions about the presence of symptoms of the disease and carries out a physical examination.This initial phase can include:

  1. A survey to identify symptoms and risk factors of the disease.
  2. Rectal examination of the fingers.In order to evaluate the size and shape of the prostate, the doctor must insert a finger into the rectum.This study is extremely informative and enables you to draw the primary conclusion about the condition of the prostate.
  3. Urine analysis.An analysis of the sample of your urine can help to eliminate infections or other diseases that can cause similar symptoms.
  4. Blood sample.The results of blood tests can indicate the availability of kidney problems.
  5. Blood testing for prostate -specific antigen (PSA).The dog is a protein that is only produced by a prostate tissue.When the prostate is healthy, only a very small dog is found in the blood.The test can be carried out in the office for laboratory, hospital or doctor.No special training is required.The dog's rapid increase can be a sign that the rapid growth of the prostate tissue occurs.DGPZH is one of the possible causes of a high PSA content.The inflammation of the prostate or prostatitis is another frequent cause of the dog's high content.

After carrying out a first examination and the necessary tests, your doctor can recommend additional studies to confirm the presence of a DVGPH and to rule out other conditions.These tests can include:

  1. Urodynamic examination.In this study, the patient is urinated in a container that is bound to a special apparatus that measures the strength and volume of the electricity while urinating.The test results help to pursue the dynamics of the development of the disease and determine whether their condition becomes better or worse.
  2. Test for the residual volume of the urine.This test shows whether you can completely empty your bladder.The test can be carried out using an ultrasound study or by introducing a catheter into the bladder after contributing to measure how much urine remains in your bladder.
  3. Maintaining a 24-hour urin diary.Registration of urination and the amount of urine can be particularly useful if more than a third of your daily urination occurs at night.
  4. Transrectal ultrasound.At the same time, the UZ-Zond is inserted into the rectum in order to measure the size and to evaluate the condition of the prostate.
  5. Examination of the bladder (cystoscopy).In this study, a flexible catheter with a camera at the end (cystoscope) is inserted into the urethra so that the doctor can see the inner surface of the urethra and bladder.
  6. Prostate biopsy.It may be necessary to remove prostate tissue samples to rule out prostate cancer.

Treatment

There are many different treatment options for the prostateada.You and your doctor have to decide which treatments fits you most.Sometimes a combination of different methods works best.Slight cases of DHCH may not need treatment.

The main types of treatment for prostate adenoma are:

  • Active observation of the disease.
  • Pharmaceutical therapy.
  • Small invasive operation.
  • Surgical interventions.
  • Active observation.

If your doctor prefers this option, your illness is carefully monitored without medicines or surgical interventions.At the same time, they are examined annually.If your symptoms deteriorate or new symptoms occur, your doctor may offer you active treatment.Men with mild symptoms can be good candidates for active observation.Men with moderate symptoms that they don't bother are also good candidates.

The advantage of this approach is that there are no side effects, but it is likely that it is more difficult to reduce the symptoms.

Medical therapy

Alpha blocker

Alpha blockers are medication that relaxes the muscles of the urethra, prostate and bladder.They improve urine outflow and reduce the symptoms of DHCH without influencing the size of the prostate.The Alfa blockers include Alfuzoosin, Terazozin, Doxazosin and Tamsulosin.

One of the advantages of Alpha blockers is that they start working immediately after admission.Side effects can include dizziness, fatigue and problems with ejaculation.

Men from moderate to heavy DGPZ and men who are worried about their symptoms are good candidates to start therapy with Alpha blockers.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors

5-alpha reductase inhibitors are drugs that block the production of dihydrotestosterone, male hormone that can accumulate in the prostate and cause its growth.These drugs lead to a decrease in the size of the prostate and increase urine outflow.These drugs include Finatorid and Dutasteride.

These drugs significantly reduce the risk of developing DHCH complications.They also reduce the likelihood that you will need an operation in the future.Side effects include erectile dysfunction and a decrease in libido (sex drive).At the same time, they have to continue to take tablets to prevent the symptoms of the disease repeated.

Combined therapy

In combined therapy, alpha blockers and inhibitors of the 5-alpha reductase are used together.Possible combinations of drugs include finsterid and doxasosine or dutastasteride and tamsulosine.Your urologist can also prescribe a combination of alpha blockers and medication, which Muscarin receptor blockers are called when they have symptoms of bladder hyperactivity.With a hyperactive bladder, the bladder muscles are uncontrolled and cause an increase in urination frequency, suddenly wishes, urgently urinary and urinary incontinence.Antimoscarin medication are medication that relaxes the muscles of the bladder.

The combined therapy significantly improves the symptoms and prevents the deterioration in the state of the DHGPH.However, it is worth remembering that every medication can cause side effects.If you take two drugs, you can have more side effects than if you have only taken one medication.

Alternative treatment methods

Self -Medication, the use of traditional medicine or treatment using various herbs (herbal medicine) is not recommended for medical workers.Many studies show that the use of such treatment is not effective, and in some cases irreparable damage can lead to.In addition, herbs and biologically active food additives (dietary supplements) do not exist the same test process as medicinal products.As a result, the quality and cleanliness of the additives sold without a prescription can vary.

Small invasive surgical interventions

Minimally invasive interventions are carried out with minimal anesthesia and indicate faster recovery.Very often the procedure can be carried out directly in the doctor's office or in an outpatient center.

Immediate relief of the symptoms of the disease is the greatest advantage of a minimally invasive operation.In many men, urine outflow and control of the function of the bladder are improved after the implementation of minimally invasive interventions.If you have problems with urination, the obstruction of the urinary tract, stones in the bladder, the blood in the urine, the presence of the urine residual urine volume in the bladder after emptying or the effect of taking medicines in the bladder, the next step in treating the disease.

However, it is known that surgical interventions, including minimally invasive, have a risk of side effects, including:

  • Urinary tract infections.
  • Blood in the urine.
  • Burn while urinating.
  • The need for more frequent emptying of the bladder.
  • Sudden urination.
  • Erectile dysfunction.

Methods with minimally invasive operations include:

  1. A special device is used in this procedure to increase a prostate (or pulm methodology) to install tiny implants in the prostate.These implants are raised at the top and keep an enlarged prostate in this position, while the pressure on the urethra decreases and the outflow of urine improves.In this case, the destruction or removal of the tissue of the prostate does not occur.Pul can be produced with both local and general anesthesia.Most patients notice an improvement in symptoms within 2 weeks.In some cases, pain or burning can occur when urinating, blood in urine or constant strong urination.Usually these side effects take place within two to four weeks.Good candidates to increase the prostate urine tube can have patients with other health problems or patients in the medical history for whom surgical intervention has a high risk.
  2. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (or tumt method) -In this process, microwaves are used to destroy the prostate tissue.First, the doctor sets a catheter through the urethra into the prostate and then sends microwaves that are installed in the catheter to heat the selected sections of the prostate.High temperature destroys an excess of prostate tissue.In this procedure, anesthesia is usually not necessary, the risk of side effects is minimal.
  3. The method for the treatment of prostate pathologies using the convection deflation by water vapor (Rezum therapy) -This process uses thermal energy to destroy the excess of prostate tissue.In this case, sterile water heats up to a temperature directly above the boiling point in a special portable device when it becomes steam.This hot steam then causes the fast death of cells.The treatment can be carried out in the doctor's office under local anesthesia.After the procedure, you can have an admixture of blood in the urine for some time.You also have to use a catheter for several days.The painful or frequent urination after the procedure should pass after about 3 weeks.Sexual side effects such as erectile dysfunction are unlikely.

Traditional surgical operations

Surgical interventions when removing part of the prostate tissue are carried out with the ineffectiveness of other therapy methods with extremely expressed symptoms (e.g. with full impossibility of urination).This includes:

  • Transurtral prostataresection (Turp)

    Turp is one of the most common operations in DHC.During this operation, the surgeon introduces a special thin tool through the head of the penis into the urethra after carrying out anesthesia.With this tool, the doctor removes the excessive tissue of the prostate.After the procedure, a catheter usually has to be used for 1-2 days.The effect of such treatment usually takes 15 years or more.As with any other operation, Turp has associated side effects and anesthesia that are used in the intervention with a certain risk.The side effects of TURP can include retrograde ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, urinary tract infection after operation and incontinence in the urine.The full restoration takes 4 to 6 weeks.

  • Laser -enuclation of prostate

    With this intervention, the surgeon puts a thin tool through the penis into the urethra.The laser inserted into the tool destroys a surplus of prostate.At the same time, as with the transurethral resection of the prostate, no cuts have to be made.The recovery after the laser enuclation is very quick, but after that you can have a addiction to the urine and frequent or painful urination for a few days.Anesthesia is also required in this procedure, which is associated with certain risks.

  • Prostate removal processes

    Operations to remove prostate during the DGPZ are extremely rare in men with the ineffectiveness of all other therapy methods.Such operations are associated with considerable risks and side effects, including urination, violations of erectile function and serious complications during operation itself.

Complications

The lack of a timely medical care in the DGPG can lead to the development of serious complications, including:

  • To urinate sudden and complete inability (delayed urine, anuria).In this state, it may be necessary to enter a catheter in the bladder in order to provide urine outflow from an overcrowded bladder.In some cases, surgery may also be necessary to reduce the expansion of urine reduction.
  • Urinary tract infections.The inability to completely empty the bladder can increase the risk of infections on the urinary tract.
  • The stones of the bladder.Stones in the bladder are also formed because the bladder cannot be completely emptied.Stones can cause the development of infections, irritation of the bladder, blood pollution in urine and other difficulties in urine outflow.
  • Damage to the bladder.The bubble can be stretched with incomplete emptying, which leads to a weakening of your muscle wall over time.As a result, the bubble cannot be able to properly compress, which becomes the cause of further difficulties in its emptying.
  • Kidney damage.The urine delay can lead to a pressure increase in the bladder and the reverse urine outflow to the kidneys, which can lead to their direct damage or increase the risk of infectious diseases.Such complications are extremely serious and can remain a life.

In most men with increased prostate gland, these complications develop extremely rarely.However, it must be remembered that many complications, including acute urine storage or damage to the kidneys, can be a serious threat to their health and life.If symptoms of the disease occur, consult a doctor immediately.

Diet and prevention of the development of the prostate adenoma

Unfortunately, there is no reliable way to prevent the development of the prostateadenoma, but the increase in the prostate increase can lose weight and proper diet with a high content of fruit and vegetables in nutrition.This may be due to the fact that the excess amount of adipose tissue in the body can increase the hormonnage level and other blood factors and stimulate the growth of prostate cells.The constant physical activity also helps to control the weight and level of hormones, which reduces the risk of a prostate adenoma.